What changed in Microsoft's 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2026

[added] Demand for cloud-based and AI products and services is evolving and difficult to forecast. Overestimation of demand or misalignment of capacity investments may result in underutilization of infrastructure and may lead to impairment of assets on our balance sheet. Conversely, demand exceeding available capacity limits our ability to meet customer needs in a timely manner.

[added] The availability, reliability, and cost of electrical power are critical to the operation and expansion of our datacenters. In many regions, electricity generation, transmission, and distribution infrastructure is experiencing increasing demand and capacity constraints. Limitations in power availability, delays in obtaining power connections, outages, shortages, increased energy costs, or requirements imposed by utilities, regulators, or other market participants could restrict our ability to develop or expand datacenter capacity. In addition, alternative energy sources and other emerging solutions may not be available in sufficient quantities, may not timely scale to meet our requirements, or may be available only at higher costs. If we are unable to secure adequate power resources on commercially reasonable terms, our ability to support customer demand and execute our growth strategy could be adversely affected.

[added] Our AI strategy also depends in part on strategic relationships with third parties that provide technologies, models, products, and services that enhance our offerings. These relationships may change over time, and many of these partners compete with us with respect to certain products and services. Changes in strategic priorities, contractual arrangements, our access to third-party technologies, or key commercial relationships could adversely affect the competitiveness of our AI products and services. In some cases, these parties are significant customers of Azure and other cloud services. The economic benefits we expect to derive from these relationships, including through commercial arrangements, technology access, and Azure consumption, may not be realized or sustained. As we manage infrastructure capacity constraints and evolving customer demand, we may modify capacity allocations, deployment priorities, pricing, or other commercial arrangements. Strategic partners and other customers may likewise adjust their purchasing decisions, deployment strategies, workloads, or anticipated use of our products and services. As a result, expected consumption or anticipated demand may not materialize, may be delayed or reduced, or may decline over time. Any such developments could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

[added] In addition to datacenters we own or operate, we rely on third-party providers, including colocation facilities, leased datacenters, and cloud infrastructure providers, to support portions of our operations. If any of these providers fail to meet our requirements, or experience service interruptions, operational failures, capacity constraints, physical damage, cybersecurity incidents, or other disruptions, our ability to provide services, maintain system performance, or meet customer expectations could be negatively impacted.

We may experience supply problems. There are limited suppliers for certain critical device and datacenter components, and those items are in short supply. We continue to identify and evaluate opportunities to expand our datacenter locations and increase our server capacity to meet the evolving needs of our customers, particularly given the growing demand for AI products and services. Our competitors are also scaling their infrastructure and use some of the same suppliers and materials for hardware components as we do, which impacts price and availability. We depend on the timely availability of critical hardware, equipment, and components used to construct and operate datacenters and related infrastructure. We have experienced and may continue to experience supply constraints, including shortages of semiconductors, networking equipment, power systems, cooling equipment, and other key components. Expanding manufacturing or supply capacity for certain components may require significant investments and multi-year lead times. As components are delayed or become unavailable or more expensive, whether because of supplier capacity constraint, industry shortages, legal or regulatory changes that restrict supply sources, geopolitical tensions, trade restrictions, tariffs, transportation disruptions, supplier financial distress, natural disasters, public health events, instability in regions important to our or our suppliers' supply chains, or other reasons, we may not obtain timely replacement supplies, or may be able to obtain supplies only by entering into long-term purchase commitments, price commitments, paying prices above prevailing market rates, or other arrangements on terms that are less favorable than prevailing market terms. [added] Any delay or inability to obtain necessary equipment, hardware, or components on acceptable terms and timelines could delay infrastructure deployments, result in reduced sales, higher costs, or

[added] Commercial remaining performance obligation increased 84% to $678 billion.

[added] Other income (expense), net included $6.5 billion of net gains and $4.8 billion of net losses for fiscal years 2026 and 2025, respectively, from investments in OpenAI, primarily net recognized gains (losses) on our equity method investment reflected in Other, net. The net gains recorded for fiscal year 2026 primarily relate to the dilution gain from the OpenAI Recapitalization.

[added] Current year net income and diluted EPS were positively impacted by net gains from investments in OpenAI, which resulted in an increase in net income and diluted EPS of $5.0 billion and $0.67, respectively. Prior year net income and diluted EPS were negatively impacted by net losses from investments in OpenAI, which resulted in a decrease in net income and diluted EPS of $3.6 billion and $0.49, respectively.

No corresponding language in the FY2026 10-K.

No corresponding language in the FY2026 10-K.

No corresponding language in the FY2026 10-K.

No corresponding language in the FY2026 10-K.

No corresponding language in the FY2026 10-K.

Threats to security can take a variety of forms. Threat actors, including individual and groups of hackers and sophisticated organizations, including nation-states, state-sponsored organizations, or cybercriminal groups, continuously undertake attacks that pose threats to our customers and our internal infrastructure, and we have experienced cybersecurity incidents in which such actors have gained unauthorized access to our systems and data, as well as customer, partner, and supplier systems and data. These actors use a wide variety of methods, which include developing and deploying malicious software; exploiting known, latent, or potential vulnerabilities or intentionally designed processes in our or third-party hardware, software, or other infrastructure to attack our products and services or gain access to our networks and datacenters; using social engineering and AI-assisted techniques to induce our employees, users, partners, suppliers, or customers to disclose sensitive information, such as passwords, or take other actions to gain access to our data or our users' or customers' data; or acting in a coordinated manner or conducting coordinated attacks. For example, as previously disclosed in our Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange [added] Commission on January 19, 2024 and amended on March 8, 2024, beginning in late November 2023, a nation-state associated threat actor used a password spray attack to compromise a legacy test account and, in turn, gain access to Microsoft email accounts. The threat actor used information it obtained to gain unauthorized access to some of our source code repositories and internal systems, and the threat actor could continue to utilize this and other information to attempt to gain access to our systems or otherwise adversely affect our business and results of operations. This incident has and may continue to result in harm to our reputation and customer relationships. Nation-state and state-sponsored actors can sustain malicious activities for extended periods and deploy significant resources to plan and carry out attacks. Nation-state attacks against us, our customers, [added] suppliers, or partners have and may continue to intensify due to our transparency to our customers, other stakeholders, and the public about cyberattacks, and during elections or periods of intense diplomatic or armed conflict. Challenges or failures [added] to update or apply security patches to all hardware and devices connected to our systems, including end-of-life and end-of-support equipment, have and may continue to result in unauthorized access to our systems and data in the future. Cyber incidents and attacks, individually or in the aggregate, could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, competitive position, and reputation, or expose us to legal or regulatory risk.

We may experience supply problems. There are limited suppliers for certain [added] critical device and datacenter [added] components, and those items are in short supply. We continue to identify and evaluate opportunities to expand our datacenter locations and increase our server capacity to meet the evolving needs of our customers, particularly given the growing demand for AI [added] products and services. Our competitors are also scaling their infrastructure and use some of the same suppliers and materials for hardware [added] components as we do, which impacts price and availability. We depend on the timely availability of critical hardware, equipment, and components used to construct and operate datacenters and related infrastructure. We have experienced and may continue to experience supply constraints, including shortages of semiconductors, networking equipment, power systems, cooling equipment, and other key components. Expanding manufacturing or supply capacity for certain components may require significant investments and multi-year lead times. As components are delayed or become unavailable or more expensive, whether because of supplier capacity constraint, industry shortages, legal or regulatory changes that restrict supply sources, geopolitical tensions, trade restrictions, tariffs, transportation disruptions, supplier financial distress, natural disasters, public health events, instability in regions important to our or our suppliers' supply chains, or other reasons, we may not obtain timely replacement supplies, or may be able to obtain supplies only by entering into long-term purchase commitments, price commitments, paying prices above prevailing market rates, or other arrangements on terms that are less favorable than prevailing market terms. Any delay or inability to obtain necessary equipment, hardware, or components on acceptable terms and timelines could delay infrastructure deployments, result in reduced sales, higher costs, or

[added] We have a long-term strategic partnership [added] with OpenAI which was originally established in 2019. [added] In October 2025 and April 2026, we extended this partnership and continue to build on our shared vision to advance artificial intelligence responsibly and make its benefits broadly accessible. Microsoft is a major investor in OpenAI and will continue to receive revenue-sharing payments. We hold rights to OpenAI's intellectual property, including models and infrastructure, for integration into our products.

Cash from operations increased [added] $46.8 billion to [added] $182.9 billion for fiscal year [added] 2026, primarily due to an increase in cash received from [added] customers and a decrease in cash used to pay income taxes, offset in part by an increase in cash paid to [added] suppliers. Cash used in financing increased [added] $847 million to $52.5 billion for fiscal year [added] 2026, primarily due to a [added] $6.0 billion decrease in cash used for repayments of debt, [added] offset in part by a $3.9 billion increase in common stock repurchases and a $2.4 billion increase in dividends paid. Cash used in investing [added] increased $66.9 billion to [added] $139.5 billion for fiscal year [added] 2026, primarily due to a [added] $51.4 billion increase in additions to property and equipment and a $22.2 billion increase in cash used in other investing primarily to facilitate the purchase of components, offset in part by a [added] $4.2 billion decrease in cash used in [added] the acquisition of companies, net of cash acquired and divestitures, and purchases of intangible and other assets and a $2.4 billion decrease in cash used in net investment purchases, sales, and maturities.

Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments totaled [added] $76.8 billion and [added] $94.6 billion as of June 30, [added] 2026 and 2025, respectively. Equity and other investments were [added] $36.3 billion and [added] $15.4 billion as of June 30, [added] 2026 and 2025, respectively. Our short-term investments are primarily intended to facilitate liquidity and capital preservation. They consist predominantly of highly liquid investment-grade fixed-income securities, diversified among industries and individual issuers. The investments are predominantly U.S. dollar-denominated securities, but also include foreign currency-denominated securities to diversify risk. Our fixed-income investments are exposed to interest rate risk and credit risk. The credit risk and average maturity of our fixed-income portfolio are managed to achieve economic returns that correlate to certain fixed-income indices. The settlement risk related to these investments is insignificant given that the short-term investments held are primarily highly liquid investment-grade fixed-income securities.